Kenya

Aberdare National Park

When to visit
January to February and September to October
Size
766 sq km
Temperature
20 'C
Rainfall
25mm
Age requirement
12 Year

Overview

About Aberdare National Park

Aberdare National Park protects 766 square kilometres of the Aberdare Range in central Kenya, a landscape of montane forest, bamboo, high moorland and waterfalls quite unlike anywhere else in the country.

Altitude runs from around 1,800 metres in the forest to 4,001 metres at Ol Donyo Lesatima, and the moorland above the treeline is covered in giant heather, lobelia and groundsel, giving the higher ground an almost otherworldly appearance.

The park is best known for its tree lodges, where visitors watch floodlit waterholes through the night from raised platforms. Elephant, buffalo, giant forest hog and the occasional rhino come to drink, and the experience is quite different from a conventional game drive.

The forest holds species rarely seen elsewhere in Kenya, including bongo, golden cat and melanistic leopard, though all are genuinely elusive. The Aberdares are also one of the country’s most important water catchments.

People and culture

People and culture

The Kikuyu farm the fertile slopes surrounding the range, and the Aberdares hold deep significance in Kikuyu tradition as one of the mountains associated with Ngai, the creator.

The range was a stronghold of the Mau Mau during the uprising against colonial rule in the 1950s, when fighters used the dense forest and moorland as a base. That history is central to how the mountains are remembered in Kenya.

Treetops Lodge, built into the forest canopy here, is where Princess Elizabeth was staying in 1952 when her father died and she became queen, an episode that gave the park a place in British as well as Kenyan history.

The surrounding highlands are intensively farmed for tea and coffee, and the boundary fence built around much of the park was a response to persistent conflict between elephants and smallholder farms.

Getting there

How to get there

Weather

Weather and climate in Aberdare National Park

The Aberdares are cold, wet and high, with the park spanning 1,800 to 4,001 metres. Days at forest level reach 18°C to 22°C, and nights fall to 5°C to 10°C, while the moorland above the treeline regularly drops below freezing.

Month by month

High and low temperature and rainfall, shaded by how good the month is for a safari.

  • Jan

    26° / 10°

    45 mm

  • Feb

    27° / 10°

    45 mm

  • Mar

    26° / 11°

    90 mm

  • Apr

    24° / 12°

    190 mm

  • May

    23° / 12°

    140 mm

  • Jun

    22° / 10°

    45 mm

  • Jul

    21° / 9°

    25 mm

  • Aug

    22° / 9°

    30 mm

  • Sep

    24° / 10°

    35 mm

  • Oct

    25° / 11°

    60 mm

  • Nov

    24° / 12°

    150 mm

  • Dec

    25° / 11°

    80 mm

  • Excellent
  • Very good
  • Good
  • Fair
  • Avoid

Rain falls in two seasons, the long rains from March to May and short rains through November, but the range catches moisture year-round and mist is a near-constant feature of the forest. Annual rainfall exceeds 1,500 millimetres on the wetter slopes.

The moorland has its own weather entirely, with cloud, driving rain and wind arriving quickly. Visibility can close in within minutes, which matters if you are walking or driving the higher tracks.

Warm and waterproof clothing is essential rather than advisable, including for tree lodge stays, where you sit still for hours at night in unheated viewing areas. Visitors regularly underestimate how cold it becomes.

Tree lodge viewing areas are unheated and you sit still for hours after dark, so bring more warm clothing than the daytime temperature suggests you will need.

Best time to go

Best time to visit Aberdare National Park

Best months
Jan–Mar, Jun–Oct, Dec

The Aberdares are wetter than most Kenyan parks and the seasons matter chiefly for road conditions on the higher ground.

June to September and January to February are the drier windows and the best times to visit, with better chances of clear views from the moorland and firmer tracks. Waterhole activity at the tree lodges is also strongest when surface water elsewhere is scarce.

March to May and October to December bring the rains, when the moorland tracks become difficult and often close, and the forest is permanently wet. The waterfalls are at their most spectacular, so this suits photographers.

Tree lodge stays work year-round, since the waterholes are floodlit and animals come regardless of season, though sightings are more frequent in the dry months.

Whatever the month, expect mist and rain at some point. This is a cloud-forest environment and the weather rarely stays settled for long.

Whatever the month, expect mist and rain at some point. This is a cloud-forest environment, the weather rarely stays settled for long, and moorland tracks can close at short notice after heavy rain.

Things to do

Things to do in Aberdare National Park

  1. Tree Lodge Night Viewing

    The Ark · Treetops

    Floodlit waterholes watched through the night from raised platforms.

  2. Karuru Falls

    Moorland

    Kenya's highest waterfall, dropping in three stages over 270 metres.

  3. Moorland Drives

    Ol Donyo Lesatima

    Giant lobelia and groundsel above the treeline at 4,001 metres.

  4. Forest Game Drives

    Salient

    Elephant, buffalo and giant forest hog in dense montane forest.

  5. Trout Fishing

    Moorland Streams

    Introduced trout in the high streams, fished with a permit.

  6. Bongo Tracking

    Salient Forest

    The critically endangered mountain bongo, rarely seen but present.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

What makes the Aberdares different from other Kenyan parks?

Almost everything. This is montane forest, bamboo and high moorland rather than savanna, with altitudes reaching 4,001 metres and a cold, wet climate throughout the year. Game viewing happens largely at floodlit waterholes from tree lodges at night rather than from vehicles by day. Species like bongo, giant forest hog and melanistic leopard occur here and almost nowhere else in Kenya. Tree lodges usually require you to leave your vehicle at a base hotel and transfer up with their own transport.

What is a tree lodge stay like?

You arrive in the afternoon, and the lodge is built on stilts overlooking a floodlit waterhole and salt lick. Game comes and goes through the night, and guests watch from viewing decks and lounges, often in shifts, with a buzzer system to wake those who have gone to bed for notable arrivals. Elephant, buffalo, rhino and giant forest hog are the usual visitors. It is unhurried and quite unlike a game drive.

Will I see bongo?

Almost certainly not, and it is important to set that expectation. The mountain bongo is critically endangered, with a wild population numbering in the low hundreds, and it is intensely shy in dense forest. Occasional sightings occur at waterholes at night, which is the realistic chance. Come for the forest, the moorland and the tree lodge experience, and treat a bongo as an extraordinary piece of luck. Weather closes in quickly on the high ground, so start any moorland trip early and be ready to turn back.

How cold does it get?

Considerably colder than visitors expect for equatorial Kenya. The park spans 1,800 to 4,001 metres, with forest-level nights falling to 5°C to 10°C and the moorland above the treeline regularly dropping below freezing. Tree lodge viewing areas are unheated and you sit still for hours. Warm layers, a hat and waterproofs are essential rather than advisable, whatever the month you visit. The park pairs naturally with Mount Kenya and Lake Nakuru on a central Kenya circuit.

How do I get to the Aberdares?

The park lies about 160 kilometres north of Nairobi, roughly three hours by road via Nyeri or Naro Moru, and the drive climbs steadily through farmland onto the range. Most visitors come as part of a central Kenya circuit taking in Mount Kenya and Lake Nakuru. Tree lodges usually require you to leave your vehicle at a base hotel and transfer up by their own transport. Tree lodges usually require you to leave your vehicle at a base hotel and transfer up with their own transport.

What is the connection to Queen Elizabeth II?

Princess Elizabeth was staying at Treetops Lodge in the Aberdares in February 1952 when her father George VI died, meaning she went up the tree a princess and came down a queen, as the phrase has it. The original lodge was later burned during the Mau Mau uprising and rebuilt on the opposite side of the waterhole. The story remains part of the park's identity. Weather closes in quickly on the high ground, so start any moorland trip early and be ready to turn back.

When is the best time to visit?

June to September and January to February are the drier windows and the best times, with better chances of clear moorland views and firmer tracks. March to May and October to December bring the rains, when moorland tracks become difficult and often close, though the waterfalls are at their most spectacular. Tree lodge stays work year-round since the waterholes are floodlit. The park pairs naturally with Mount Kenya and Lake Nakuru on a central Kenya circuit.

Can I walk or hike in the park?

Yes, with restrictions and a ranger. The moorland offers genuine hiking, including the climb to Ol Donyo Lesatima at 4,001 metres, and shorter walks reach the Karuru and Chania falls. Buffalo and elephant are present throughout, so an armed ranger is required. Weather closes in quickly on the high ground, so start early and be prepared to turn back. Tree lodges usually require you to leave your vehicle at a base hotel and transfer up with their own transport.

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